Soft Drink Demand Estimation Case3/26/2021
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Soft Drink Demand Estimation Case Upgrade Your BrowserPart A: systematic reviews By Karl Taylor READ PAPER Download file. Question: CASE 1 - DEMAND ESTIMATION And ELASTICITY: Soft Drinks In The U.S. Demand Can Be Estimated With Experimental Data, Time-series Data, Or Cross-section Data. Soft Drink Consumption In Cans Per Capita Per Year Is Related To Six-pack Price, Income Per Capita, And Mean Temperature Across The 48 Contiguous. This problem has been solved See the answer CASE 1 - DEMAND ESTIMATION and ELASTICITY: Soft Drinks in the. F-test and t-test. Which equation is a good (better) fit Which. Soft Drink Demand Estimation Case Full Answer PreviousThe linear demand estimation is as follows for the 48 contiguous states: Coefficients Standard Error t Stat Intercept 159 view the full answer Previous question Next question Get more help from Chegg Get 1:1 help now from expert Economics tutors. Details about the development of the analytical sample can be found in appendix 1 table A1-1. Setting Three waves of the Health Workers Cohort Study, Mexico, spanning 2004 to 2018. Participants 1770 people aged 19 years or older with information on drinks consumption available in at least one of the three cohort waves. Main outcome measure Change in probability of belonging to one of four categories of soft drinks consumption (non, low, medium, high) after the tax was implemented. Heterogeneity of associations by income and education was also assessed. Results Before the implementation of the tax, more than 50 of the participants were medium and high consumers of soft drinks and less than 10 were in the non-consumer category. After the tax was implemented, 43 of the population was categorised as medium or high consumers and the prevalence of non-consumers increased to 14. Three years after implementation of the tax on 1 January 2014, the probability of being a non-consumer of soft drinks increased by 4.7 (95 confidence interval 0.3 to 9.1) percentage points and that of being a low consumer increased by 8.3 (0.6 to 16.0) percentage points compared with the pre-tax period. Conversely, the probability of being in the medium and high levels of soft drinks consumption decreased by 6.8 (0.5 to 13.2) percentage points and 6.1 (0.4 to 11.9) percentage points, respectively. No significant heterogeneity of the tax across income levels was observed, but stronger effects of the tax were seen in participants with secondary school education or higher, compared with those with elementary school or less. Conclusions The Mexican sugar sweetened beverage tax was associated with a reduction in the probability of consuming soft drinks in this cohort of employees from a healthcare provider. The results cannot be extrapolated to the Mexican population, but they suggest that three years after implementation, the tax had helped to increase the proportion of people who do not consume soft drinks while decreasing the proportion of high and medium consumers. Two years after implementation of the tax, household purchases of taxed beverages decreased by an average of 7.6. Larger reductions in purchases of these beverages were documented in urban areas, in households with children and adolescents, in low socioeconomic households, and among high sugar sweetened beverage purchasing households. However, these studies have relied on purchase data, aggregated at the household level. More evidence about the effect of the tax on individual level consumption and health outcomes is needed. Emerging studies with longer term results on the effect of the tax on consumption of sugar sweetened beverages and health related outcomes will allow us to understand the utility of these interventions at an individual level. Using two pre-tax waves and one post-tax wave of data on consumption of soft drinks from a Mexican adult cohort, we aimed to estimate the change in categories of soft drink consumption three years after the implementation of the tax on sugar sweetened beverages and to assess the potential effect modification of the tax by income levels. Methods Setting and study design We conducted longitudinal analysis using data from the Health Workers Cohort Study (HWCS). The HWCS is a prospective open cohort study composed of employees from the Mexican Institute of Social Security (IMSS for its Spanish acronym) and their families in Cuernavaca. IMSS is one of the three main public healthcare institutions in Mexico, providing healthcare to nearly 43 million people (30.1 of the national population). The cohort is occupationally diverse, including medical doctors, nurses and nurse assistants, social workers, management, and administration and cleaning personnel, among others. Compared with the Mexican population, participants in the HWCS were, on average, in the seventh tenth of monthly average household income (14 100 MXN); by thirds, the average of the low income group in the cohort corresponded to the second tenth of national income, medium income to the sixth, and high income to the top tenth. ![]() The total number of employees at IMSS in the State of Morelos in 2004 was around 6000; of those, 75 (n4500) were IMSS Cuernavaca employees. Of the total 4500 IMSS employees, the HWCS recruited 2500 people at baseline; the response rate was 77 for wave 2 and 50 for wave 3. Participants completed a self-administered questionnaire, which collected data on demographic characteristics, medical family history, past medical history, lifestyle (diet and physical activity), psychosocial evaluation, quality of life, social support, and cognitive assessment. Detailed information can be found elsewhere. Sample For our analysis, we used data from all three waves of the cohort. We included participants aged 19 years and older with at least one food frequency questionnaire measurement and complete beverage consumption information. From the original 4928 observations, we excluded pregnant women, participants with extreme values of energy intake ( 6550 Kcal), and those who reported soft drink consumption of 1500 mL or more per day.
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